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In another edition of the “Electoral Reform Hour,” Dr Samuel Oguche from the National Institute for Legislative and Democratic Studies (NILDS) provided a detailed breakdown of the legislative and judicial processes involved in Nigeria’s electoral reforms. As an experienced researcher in democracy, legal research, litigation, human rights, and legislative research, Dr. Oguche shed light on the continuous updates to Nigeria’s electoral legal framework.

He explained that the legislative process for electoral reform starts with the introduction of a bill, which is a proposed legislation presented before the National Assembly. The bill undergoes multiple readings, starting with the first reading where the bill is introduced by the clerk. The second reading involves a debate on the general principles of the bill by the legislators. If the bill passes the second reading, it is referred to a relevant committee for thorough examination and detailed consideration.

He distinguished between member-sponsored bills and executive bills. Member-sponsored bills can be initiated by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and other interested groups but must be officially presented by a legislator. On the other hand, executive bills are proposed by the government, typically through the Federal Ministry of Justice, and are sponsored by the majority leader in the House. This distinction is significant in understanding how different types of reforms are introduced and processed within the legislative framework.

Dr. Oguche highlighted several key bills currently in the National Assembly. One such bill, sponsored by Honorable Francis Waive, seeks to amend Section 10 of the Electoral Act to mandate voter re-registration every ten years. This reform aims to ensure an up-to-date and accurate voter register, addressing issues such as the inclusion of deceased individuals. Waive’s bill also includes provisions for electronic accreditation and the electronic transmission of election results, which are intended to enhance transparency and credibility in the electoral process.

Regarding voter re-registration, Dr. Oguche noted that while current processes for cleaning the voter register exist, they are often ineffective. He emphasized the need for a systematic re-registration every ten years to maintain the accuracy and integrity of the voter register. Additionally, he discussed the importance of electronic accreditation and result transmission to prevent manipulation and ensure the credibility of election outcomes.

Dr. Oguche also underscored the critical role of the judiciary in Nigeria’s electoral system. He noted that the judiciary is deeply involved at every stage, from pre-election disputes to post-election litigation. The judiciary’s role is vital for ensuring that electoral laws are upheld and that disputes are resolved fairly and promptly, thus maintaining the integrity of the electoral process.

This edition of “Electoral Reform Hour” provided listeners with a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in legislative and judicial processes related to electoral reform. Dr. Oguche’s insights highlighted the ongoing efforts to strengthen Nigeria’s democratic governance through continuous improvement of its electoral laws and practices.

LISTEN TO THE FULL DISSCUSSION HERE